Adriana de Souza e Silva – Adriana de Souza e Silva

in Forthcoming, Lectures,

Hybrid Spaces 2.0: Understanding the Spatial Revolution

de Souza e Silva, A., & Campbell, S. W. (2023). Hybrid Spaces 2.0: Understanding the Spatial Revolution. Association of Internet Researchers (AoIR) Annual Conference. Philadelphia, USA: Oct. 18-22.

in Poster Sessions & Workshops, Recent Scholarship,

Mobile Networked Creativity: Engagements beyond smartphones

de Souza e Silva, A., Campbell, S. W., Xiong-Gum, M. N., Glover-Rijkse, R., Khan, K. L. (2023). Mobile Networked Creativity: Engagements beyond smartphones. BlueSky Workshop. Keeping it Real After 20 Years: Reclaiming Mobile Communication Scholarship in a Phone-Less Future. ICA Mobile Communication Pre-Conference. Toronto, Canada, May 24th. This workshop prompts ...

in Lectures, Recent Scholarship,

Defining Location-based Micromobility as Mobility Justice in Global Urban Spaces

de Souza e Silva, A. (2023). Defining Location-based Micromobility as Mobility Justice in Global Urban Spaces. International Communication Association (ICA) conference, Mobile Communication Interest Group. Toronto, Canada: May 29th.

in Lectures, Recent Scholarship,

Reclaiming Authentic Creative Practices in Networked Mobility Environments

de Souza e Silva, A., & Xiong-Gum, M. N. (2023). Reclaiming Authentic Creative Practices in Networked Mobility Environments. International Communication Association (ICA) conference, Mobile Communication Interest Group. Toronto, Canada: May 26th.

in All Publications, Reviews,

Preserving the History of Mobile Gaming: A review of the Retro Mobile Gaming Database

Frith, J. (2023). Preserving the History of Mobile Gaming: A review of the Retro Mobile Gaming Database. Mobile Media & Communication, DOI: 10.1177/20501579231155533.

in Journal Articles, Recent Scholarship,

Software Presentation: The Retro Mobile Gaming Database

de Souza e Silva, A., & Glover-Rijkse, R. (2023). Software Presentation: The Retro Mobile Gaming Database. Mobile Media & Communication, 1-6. DOI: 10.1177/20501579231155534.

in Journal Articles, Recent Scholarship,

COVID-19 Now and Then: Reflections on mobile communication and the pandemic

de Souza e Silva, A., & Xiong-Gum, M. N. (2023). COVID-19 Now and Then: Reflections on mobile communication and the pandemic. Mobile Media & Communication, 11 (2). DOI: 10.1177/205015792311638. Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic may soon be coming to its end, but COVID-19 still kills thousands of people every single day ...

in Interviews, Recent Scholarship,

Exploring the Vast Social & Creative Agencies of Marginalized Communities in the Digital Age

Campbell, S. W., de Souza e Silva, A., & Marler, W. (2023, Feb. 27th). Ep. 2: Exploring the Vast Social & Creative Agencies of Marginalized Communities in the Digital Age. JCMC: The Discussion Section Podcast. In this episode of JCMC: The Discussion Section, host Scott Campbell, Constance F., and Arnold C. ...

in Book Chapters, Forthcoming,

Framing Location-based Micromobility as Mobility Justice in Networked Urban Spaces

de Souza e Silva, A. (Forthcoming). Framing Location-based Micromobility as Mobility Justice in Networked Urban Spaces. In G. Goggin, & L. Hjorth (Eds.). The Routledge Companion to Mobile Media 2.0. New York: Routledge.

in Journal Articles, Recent Scholarship,

Hybrid Spaces 2.0

de Souza e Silva, A. (2023). Hybrid Spaces 2.0: Connecting networked urbanism, uneven mobilities, and creativity in a (post)pandemic world. Mobile Media and Communication, 11 (1), 59-65. DOI: 10.1177/20501579221132118.

in Journal Articles, Recent Scholarship,

Playing with Place

Hjorth, L., & de Souza e Silva, A. (Forthcoming). Playing with Place: Locative mobile games in post-pandemic public spaces. Mobile Media and Communication, 11 (1), 52-58. DOI: 10.1177/205015792211269.

in All Publications, Journal Articles,

Making the COVID-19 Pandemic Visible

de Souza e Silva, A. (2022). Making the COVID-19 Pandemic Visible: The power of grass-roots mapping initiatives. International Journal of Communication, 16, 3988-4007. Abstract: Since March 2020, digital maps have been used around the world to spatially display COVID-19 cases and deaths. Some of these maps aggregate official government data, ...

in Keynotes Speeches, Lectures,

Comunicação Móvel, Mobilidade Urbana e Práticas Criativas

de Souza e Silva, A. (2021). Communicação Móvel, Mobilidade Urbana e Práticas Criativas (Mobile Communication, Urban Mobility, and Creative Practices). SPMob 2021, Terceira Escola de Ciência Avançada em Mobilidades (3rd School of Advanced Methods in Mobilities). São Paulo University (USP). SP, Brazil (via Zoom). October 4. [Video]

in Guest Talks, Lectures,

Hybrid Spaces 2.0: Connecting networked urbanism, creativity and big data in a (post) pandemic world

de Souza e Silva, A. (2022). Hybrid Spaces 2.0: Connecting networked urbanism, creativity and big data in a (post) pandemic world. A Matrix of Challenges Conference. Boston University College of Communication, Division of Emerging Media Studies. Boston, MA. April 4. [Video]

in Database, Projects,

Mobile Networked Creativity Repository

To explore the idea of creativity as a collective and networked process that involves people and technologies, we created an online resource to crowdsource examples of "Mobile Networked Creativity" from around the world. Our goal is to decolonize traditional ideas of creativity, by building a crowdsourced repository of creative practices ...

in Conference Presentations, Lectures,

The Unified COVID-19 Slums Dashboard: How grass-roots crowdsourced mapping practices can help underprivileged populations manage a pandemic

de Souza e Silva, A. (2022). The Unified COVID-19 Slums Dashboard: How grass-roots crowdsourced mapping practices can help underprivileged populations manage a pandemic. Association of Internet Researchers (AoIR) Annual Conference. Dublin, Ireland: November 2-6.

in Conference Presentations, Lectures,

Decolonizing Creativity: A crowdsourcing project about creativity as survival

de Souza e Silva, A., Dufresne, K., & Xiong-Gum, M. (2022). Decolonizing Creativity: A crowdsourcing project about creativity as survival. Association of Internet Researchers (AoIR) Annual Conference. Dublin, Ireland: November 2-6.

in All Publications, Popular Press,

Creativity as Survival: Crowdsourcing Unexpected Ways we Use Technology

de Souza e Silva, A. (2021). Creativity as Survival: Crowdsourcing Unexpected Ways we Use Technology. NCSU News. NC State University.

in All Publications, Popular Press,

What the U.S. Can Learn from Brazil’s Successful COVID Vaccination Campaign

de Souza e Silva, A., & Araujo, C. (2022, May 18th). Opinion: What the US Can Learn from Brazil’s Successful COVID Vaccination Campaign. Scientific American. December 8th, 2021.

in Conference Presentations, Lectures,

Mapping the COVID-19 Pandemic with Mobile Devices

de Souza e Silva, A. (2022). Mapping the COVID-19 Pandemic with Mobile Devices: Grass-roots networked initiates in the Rio de Janeiro favelas. International Communication Association (ICA) conference, Mobile Communication Interest Group. Paris, France: May 30th.

in Conference Presentations, Lectures,

Understanding the relationship between micromobility and mobility justice in Rio de Janeiro

de Souza e Silva, A., & Scárdua, M. (2022). Understanding the relationship between micromobility and mobility justice in Rio de Janeiro. International Communication Association (ICA) conference, Mobile Communication Interest Group. Paris, France: May 28th.

in Conference Presentations, Lectures,

Developing a Mobile Games Database

de Souza e Silva, A., & Glover-Rijkse, R.* Developing a Mobile Games Database: Tracing interdependencies among early mobile games. Association of Internet Researchers (AoIR) Annual Conference. Virtual. October. [Video]

in All Publications, Book Chapters,

Evolving Geographies of Mobile Communication

Glover-Rijkse, R., & de Souza e Silva, A. (2022). Evolving Geographies of Mobile Communication. In P. Adams & B. Warf (Eds.), The Routledge Handbook of Media Geographies (pp. 161-171). New York: Routledge.

in Graduate Courses, Undergraduate Courses,

Advanced Topics in Communication: Networked Mobilities

Department: Communication, Rhetoric and Digital Media Ph.D. ProgramInstitution: NC State UniversityTerm: Spring 2022 The rapid development of information and communication technologies (ICTs) has contributed to the growth and importance of networks. We can now speak of not only communication networks but also of financial, military, social, cultural, and political networks, to name ...

in All Publications, Interviews,

Podcast: Digital Mapping and the Pandemic

NC State News Podcasts: Digital Mapping and the Pandemic -- an interview with Tracey Peake NCSU News. NC State University. Dec. 8th, 2021. "Digital mapping is a versatile tool. It can be used for everything from real time navigation to tracking the course of a pandemic. Adriana de Souza e ...

in Conference Presentations, Lectures,

Developing the Retro Mobile Games Database: Tracing interdependencies among early mobile games

de Souza e Silva, A., & Glover-Rijkse (2021). Developing the Retro Mobile Games Database: Tracing interdependencies among early mobile games. Association of Internet Researchers (AoIR) Annual Conference. October. [Video]

in Conference Presentations, Lectures,

Developing a Mobile Games Database: Tracing interdependencies among early mobile games.

de Souza e Silva, A., & Glover-Rijkse, R.* (2021). Developing a Mobile Games Database: Tracing interdependencies among early mobile games. Association of Internet Researchers (AoIR) Annual Conference. Virtual. October. [Video]

in Edited Volumes, Recent Scholarship,

COVID-19 Now and Then

Forthcoming: de Souza e Silva, A., & Xiong-Gum, M. N. (Eds.). COVID-19 Now and Then: Reflections on mobile communication and the pandemic. Special issue of Mobile Media & Communication, vol. 11, no. 2 (May 2023).

in All Publications, Journal Articles,

Playful Mobilities in the Global South

Souza e Silva, A., Glover-Rijkse, R., Njathi, A., & De Cunto Bueno, D. (2023) Playful Mobilities in the Global South: A study of Pokémon Go play in Rio de Janeiro and Nairobi. New Media & Society, 25(5) 963-979. DOI: 10.1177/14614448211016400. Abstract: Pokémon Go is the most popular location-based game worldwide. ...

in All Publications, Popular Press,

Tracing the History of Mobile Games

de Souza e Silva, A., & Gover-Rijkse, R. (2021). Tracing the History of Mobile Games. NCSU News. NC State University.

in Database, Projects,

The Retro Mobile Gaming Database

The Retro Mobile Gaming Database (RMGD) contains a collection of mobile games from 1975 to 2008. This database allows users to search games by multiple search criteria including title, year developed, type of game, and more. This robust search system will help researchers not only to find games but also ...

in All Publications, Journal Articles,

Exploring the Material Conditions of Pokémon Go Play in Rio de Janeiro and Nairobi

Souza e Silva, A., Glover-Rijkse, R., Njathi, A., & De Cunto Bueno, D. (2021). Exploring the Material Conditions of Pokémon Go Play in Rio de Janeiro and Nairobi. Information, Communication and Society. DOI: 10.1080/1369118X.2021.1909098 Abstract: Pokémon Go offers an important locus for understanding how location-based mobile gaming practices interconnect with ...

in Conference Presentations, Lectures,

Mapping the COVID-19 Pandemic

de Souza e Silva, A. (2021). Mapping the COVID-19 Pandemic. International Communication Association (ICA) conference, Mobile Communication Interest Group. Virtual. May. [Video]

in Conference Presentations, Lectures,

Exploring the Material Conditions of Location-based Gameplay in the Global South

de Souza e Silva, A., Glover-Rijkse, Njathi, A., & de Cunto Bueno, D.(2021). Exploring the Material Conditions of Location-based Gameplay in the Global South. International Communication Association (ICA) conference, Mobile Communication Interest Group. Virtual. May. [Video]

in All Publications,

CFP Special Issue: The Future of Mobile Communication Research, A Tribute to Rich Ling

Call for papers for a special issue of New Media & Society, Volume 24, 2022. Guest editors (ordered alphabetically by last name):• Scott W. Campbell, Constance F. and Arnold C. Pohs Professor of Telecommunications, Dept. of Communication and Media, University of Michigan • Adriana de Souza e Silva, Professor, Dept. of ...

in All Publications, Interviews,

WUNC’s “The State of Things’ Embodied: How Online Gaming Creates Real-Life Love”

I appeared as a recent guest on WUNC's "The State of Things" radio show and podcast, titled "Embodied: How Online Gaming Creates Real-Life Love". During this episode, I discussed how early location-based mobile games created hybrid spaces--that is, a space that merges the boundaries between the digital and physical world. ...

in All Publications, Interviews,

Apps transformam turista em detetive e animam roteiros urbanos na pandemia.

"'Com eles, você não está apenas em uma cidade com a informação do que você vê, você pode sobrepor informações de imagens, de áudio. O mundo vira um espaço híbrido', explica Adriana de Souza e Silva, especialista em jogos móveis na Universidade do Estado da Carolina do Norte, nos EUA." ...

in Keynotes Speeches, Lectures,

Mobilidade Urbana como Prática Criativa

de Souza e Silva, A. (2020). Mobilidade Urbana como Prática Criativa. HUB Eventos 2020. Media Lab / PUC-SP / Universidade Anhembi, Morumbi. São Paulo, Brazil. October, 17-23. [Video]

in Keynotes Speeches, Lectures,

Urban Mobility as a Creative Practice

de Souza e Silva, A. (2020). Urban Mobility as a Creative Practice. Doubling of Reality: Everyday Lives in Post-Mobile Society. Kansai University. Osaka, Japan. October 2-16.

in Conference Presentations, Lectures,

Playful Mobilities in the Global South: A comparative study of Pokémon Go play between Rio de Janeiro and Nairobi

de Souza e Silva, A., Glover-Rijkse, R., & Njathi, A. (2020). Playful Mobilities in the Global South: A comparative study of Pokémon Go play between Rio de Janeiro and Nairobi. Association of Internet Researchers (AoIR) Annual Conference. October. [Video] Abstract: In 2016, the release of the location-based game, Pokémon Go, ...

in Books, Edited Volumes,

The Routledge Companion to Mobile Media Art

In this companion, a diverse, international, and interdisciplinary group of contributors and editors examine the rapidly expanding, far-reaching field of mobile media as it intersects with art across a range of spaces—theoretical, practical and conceptual. As a vehicle for, and of, the everyday, mobile media is recalibrating the relationship between ...

in All Publications, Journal Articles,

Mobile Networked Creativity

de Souza e Silva, A., & Xiong-Gum, M. (2020). Mobile Networked Creativity: A theoretical framework for understanding creativity as survival. Communication Theory, 31 (4), 821-840. DOI: 10.1093/ct/qtaa006. [pre-print version] Abstract: Mobile networked creativity is an emergent practice that arises from the ongoing relationships among people and people with technologies—or networked ...

in All Publications, Book Chapters,

Rethinking Micromobility as Mobilities Justice

de Souza e Silva, A., & Glover-Rijkse, R. (2022). Rethinking Micromobility as Mobilities Justice: Location-based traffic apps in Rio de Janeiro. In B. Kredell, G. Halegoua, & E. Stein (Eds.) The Routledge Companion to Media and the City (pp. 354-365). New York: Routledge

in All Courses, Undergraduate Courses,

COM 250: Communication and Technology

Department: Department of CommunicationInstitution: NC State UniversityTerm: Fall 2021, Fall 2020, Fall 2019 This course explores the relationship between communication and technology by focusing on the key moments of media technology development and the social changes that accompanied it. We start by defining technology and learning about the main theories that deal with ...

in Books, Edited Volumes,

Hybrid Play: Crossing boundaries in game design, player identities and play spaces

This book explores hybrid play as a site of interdisciplinary activity―one that is capable of generating new forms of mobility, communication, subjects, and artistic expression as well as new ways of interacting with and understanding the world. The chapters in this collection explore hybrid making, hybrid subjects, and hybrid spaces, ...

in Conference Presentations, Lectures,

Mobile Networked Creativity: Understanding creativity as open communication

de Souza e Silva, A., & Xiong-Gum, M. (2019). Mobile Networked Creativity: Understanding creativity as open communication. Top Paper: International Communication Association (ICA) conference. Gold Coast, Australia: May 24. [Video]

in Conference Presentations, Lectures,

Location-based Urban Mobile Apps in Rio de Janeiro: Towards a Model that Supports Perpetual Contact for Sustainable Mobilities

de Souza e Silva, A. (2019). Location-based Urban Mobile Apps in Rio de Janeiro: Towards a Model that Supports Perpetual Contact for Sustainable Mobilities. International Communication Association (ICA) conference. Washington, DC: May 24.

in Conference Presentations, Lectures,

The history of mobile telephony in Brazil

de Souza e Silva, A., & Damasceno, C. S. (2018). The history of mobile telephony in Brazil: Privatization, regulation, and access. #AoIR2018, Association of Internet Researchers (AoIR) Annual Conference. Montréal, Canada: October 10-13.

in All Publications, Book Chapters,

Urban Mobility in Context

de Souza e Silva, A., Damasceno, C. S., Bueno, D. M., & Grandinetti, J. (2020). Urban Mobility in Context: A study about early adopters of location-based taxi-hailing apps. In: Ling, R., Goggin, G., Fortunati, L. Lim, S. S., & Li, Yuling (Eds.). Oxford Handbook of Mobile Communication and Society (pp. ...

in Poster Sessions & Workshops,

Challenging Communication Students to Design the Library of the Future

Rogers, A., Burke, A., de Souza e Silva, A., & Nickels, C. (2018). Challenging Communication Students to Design the Library of the Future. Teaching and Learning Symposium: Inspiring Student Success. NC State University, McKimmon Center. Raleigh, NC. February 22.

in All Publications, Book Chapters,

Generic Phones in Context

de Souza e Silva, A., Damasceno, C. S., & Bueno, D. (2019). Generic Phones in Context: The circulation and social practices of mobile devices in Rio de Janeiro. In R. Wilken, G. Goggin & H. Horst (Eds.), Location Technologies in International Context (pp. 158-172). London: Routledge.

in All Publications, Lectures,

HIBRID PLAY: 2018 CRDM Research Symposium

March 26-17 @ Talley Student Center, NC State University. Symposium website Conference Chair: Adriana de Souza e Silva Assistant Chair: Nick Taylor

in Guest Talks, Lectures,

Pokémon Go as an HRG: Mobility, sociability and surveillance

de Souza e Silva (2017). Pokémon Go as an HRG: Mobility, sociability, and surveillance. Webinar Geothink&Learn 1: Pokémon Go. McGill University. Montréal, Canada: October 04. Check out the Webinar Video.

in All Publications, Reviews,

Book Review of Mobility and Locative Media

Buccitelli, A. B. (2016). Mobility and Locative Media: Mobile communication in hybrid spaces, by A. de Souza e Silva and M. Sheller, New Media & Society, 18 (4), 669-672.

in Books, Edited Volumes,

Dialogues on Mobile Communication

In this book, top scholars in the field of mobile communication discuss the major issues related to the use of mobile phones in today’s society, such as the tension between private and public, youth mobile culture, creative appropriations of mobile devices, and mobile methods. Each chapter unfolds as an open ...

in All Publications, Journal Articles,

Creative Appropriations in Hybrid Spaces

de Souza e Silva, A., Duarte, F., & Damasceno, C. (2017). Creative Appropriations in Hybrid Spaces: Mobile interfaces in art and games in Brazil. International Journal of Communication, 11, 1705-1728.

in Guest Talks, Lectures,

Mobile Culture in Brazil: Creative uses of mobile technologies in art, games, and low income-communities

de Souza e Silva, A. (2017). Mobile Culture in Brazil: Creative uses of mobile technologies in art, games, and low-income communities. TAG Research Center and SSHRC IG Project. Concordia University, Montréal, Canada: March 30.

in All Publications, Encyclopedia Entries,

Location-based communication

de Souza e Silva, A., Ling, R., & Humphreys, L. (2016). Location-based communication. In K. B. Jensen, R. T. Craig, J. D. Pooley & E. W. Rothenbuhler (Eds.). The International Encyclopedia of Communication Theory and Philosophy (pp. 1-11). New York: Blackwell Wiley.

in All Publications, Journal Articles,

Pokémon Go as an HRG

de Souza e Silva, A. (2016). Pokémon Go as an HRG: Mobility, sociability, and surveillance in hybrid spaces. Mobile Media and Communication, 5 (1), 20-23. DOI:10.1177/2050157916676232. Abstract: In July 2016, Niantic Labs released the hybrid/augmented reality game Pokémon Go. Due to the game’s sudden enormous success, many mobile phone users all ...

in All Publications, Book Chapters,

Playful Urban Apaces

de Souza e Silva, A., & Hjorth, L. (2016). Playful Urban Spaces: A historical approach to mobile games. In G. Goggin, R. Ling, & L. Hjorth (Eds.). Mobile Technologies, 4-vol. set. Volume III: Mobile Media – Technologies, Networks, and Intimacies (pp. 81-105). New York: Routledge.

in All Publications, Reviews,

Department Professor Wins University Faculty Scholar Award

"In November, a faculty member from the Department of Communication was selected as a University Faculty Scholar. Dr. Adriana de Souza e Silva, associate professor and director of the CRDM program, is the first person in the department to receive this award and only the sixth from Humanities and Social ...

in All Publications, Reviews,

A Certain Type of Freedom

Gerodimos, R. (2015). A Certain Type of Freedom [15 mins]. This video looks at the challenges facing urban youth in public space and the role of digital media in facilitating and hindering engagement with the urban landscape. It cites my book with Eric Gordon, Net locality: Why location matters in ...

in All Publications, Reviews,

At the Edge of the Present

Gerodimos, R. (2015). At the Edge of the Present [16 mins]. This video looks at the role of urban public space and the challenges facing our engagement with it and with each other. It cites my book with Eric Gordon, Net Locality: Why location matters in a networked world.

in All Publications,

2015-2016 University Faculty Scholar Award

The University Faculty Scholars Program was established in 2012 by Chancellor Woodson to recognize and reward emerging academic leaders among our faculty. Each year, approximately twenty tenured or tenure-track faculty scholars are identified to receive this honor. Faculty members selected as University Faculty Scholars will carry the title for a ...

in All Publications, Book Chapters,

Locational Privacy

de Souza e Silva, A., & Frith, J. (2016). Locational Privacy. In J. Farman (Ed.). Foundations of Mobile Media Studies: Essential texts on the formation of a field (pp. 171-193). New York: Routledge.

in Guest Talks, Lectures,

Location-based services in Brazil: Reframing privacy, mobility, and location

de Souza e Silva, A., Matos-Silva, M., & Nicolaci-da-Costa, A. (2013). Location-based services in Brazil: Reframing privacy, mobility, and location. Symposium Context Collapse: Reassembling the Spatial. Organized by Carolyn Marvin and Barbie Zelizer. Philadelphia, MA: December 2013.

in All Publications, Reviews,

De Souza e Silva to Present at ICA Conference

"De Souza e Silva to present at ICA conference", In NCSU Department of Communication Newsletter, Spring 2009, p. 2.

in All Publications, Conference Proceedings,

From MUDs as space to space as a MUDs: A study about cell phones

de Souza e Silva, A. (2003). From MUDs as space to space as a MUDs: A study about cell phones. In J. Cahill, U. Christensen, H. Cooley, T. Crockett, D. Hodapp, N. Phillips, et. al., (Eds.), Life by design: Everyday digital culture conference proceedings (pp. 115-123). Irvine: University of California, ...

in All Publications, Conference Proceedings,

From MUDs as space to space as a MUD: Cell phones in art and public spaces

de Souza e Silva, A. (2002). From MUDs as space to space as a MUD: Cell phones in art and public spaces. Consciousness Reframed 5: Art and consciousness in the post-biological era, 5, 26. Caerleon, Wales.

in All Publications, Conference Proceedings,

database

de Souza e Silva, A., & Winkler, F. (2002). <strike>database</strike>. In Proceedings of SIGraDi: VI Ibero-American Congress of Digital Graphics / Arte y Diseño Digital (pp. 2014-2017). Caracas, Venezuela. Abstract: This paper is a theoretical essay on the installation database. database is an electronic reading device that deals with the ...

in Computer Graphics, Projects,

Java Applets

These are a series of Java Applets I developed for a java programming course at UCLA in the fall 2001.

in Web Design,

UFRJ Graduate Programs in Communication

Spring 2001 Coordination View Website

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Habitar o Digital

de Souza e Silva, A. (2000). Habitar o digital [Inhabiting the digital]. SIGraDi: IV Ibero-American Congress of Digital Graphics, 4, 307-309. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.